Icheon, South Korea – A group of dedicated special education teachers is advocating for the development of inclusive physical education programs that cater to both students with developmental disabilities and their non-disabled peers.

Kim Sung-gwang, a special education teacher at Yeoncheon Jeonok Middle School, and Sung Tae-hoon, a teacher at Icheon Dawon School, recently led a workshop at the Icheon National Training Center for Athletes with Disabilities. The workshop aimed to equip special education teachers, particularly those without a specialized background in adapted physical education, with the skills and knowledge to create and implement inclusive programs.

Individualized Education is Key

Students with developmental disabilities are often grouped together in classes, regardless of their grade level. Special education teachers must hold a specialized degree in special education or adapted physical education.

"Students have diverse cognitive abilities and intellectual levels," explains Kim. "At the start of each year, we collaborate with parents, students, and teachers to develop individualized education plans. While general education teachers may create one lesson plan, we often need to develop multiple plans tailored to each student's unique needs."

The Challenge of Inclusive Classes

"Students with developmental disabilities and autism often struggle with self-directed activities," notes Sung. "They need guidance and support to engage in physical activities."

Securing appropriate facilities can be a hurdle, and providing one-on-one support for students with severe disabilities can be physically demanding.

Despite these challenges, integrating students with disabilities into general physical education classes can be beneficial for everyone. "When we design activities that accommodate non-disabled students with varying physical abilities and interests, students with disabilities can also participate and enjoy the class," says Sung.

Kim adds, "When non-disabled students assist their peers with disabilities, it creates a valuable learning experience for both groups. It's encouraging to see a growing interest in disability education among students."

Overcoming Obstacles

Special education teachers often face additional challenges, including lack of parental involvement due to economic hardship or the strain of caring for a child with severe disabilities. Some parents may even resist further education if their child exhibits challenging behaviors at home.

Teachers may also encounter misunderstandings and even complaints from parents, particularly when dealing with behavioral issues or accidental injuries.

Despite these difficulties, special education teachers find their work rewarding. "Our goal is to empower students to perform everyday tasks, like riding the bus or making a purchase at a store," says Kim. "It's incredibly fulfilling to see their progress and joy."

"When a student who seemed disengaged starts to enjoy coming to school, it's a moment of pride," adds Kim.

The Heartbreak of Loss

One of the most difficult experiences for special education teachers is the loss of a student. "The death of a student with muscular dystrophy was devastating," shares Sung. "It's also incredibly painful to witness a student who senses their impending death trying to distance themselves emotionally."

Despite the challenges and heartbreaks, special education teachers remain committed to their students, celebrating their progress, and advocating for a more inclusive and supportive educational environment.