On July 7th (local time), U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order extending the imposition of reciprocal tariffs until August 1st. The White House announced that the grace period has been extended to 'August 1st, 00:01 AM,' pushing back the original expiration date of July 9th by approximately three weeks.

In the executive order, President Trump explained, "Based on additional information and recommendations received from various senior officials, including information on the status of negotiations with trading partners, I have determined that it is necessary and appropriate to extend the suspension period." This is interpreted as a sign of the U.S.'s intention to grant more time for ongoing trade negotiations with major trading partners and to seek mutual agreement.

Background and Targets of Reciprocal Tariffs 

The Trump administration's concept of 'Reciprocal Tariffs' asserts that if the U.S. levies a certain tariff rate on imported goods, the other country should impose an equivalent tariff on U.S. exports. This is part of the 'fair trade' principle that President Trump has long advocated, stemming from the perception that the U.S. is at a disadvantage due to high tariffs imposed by other nations.

Previously, President Trump sent letters specifying reciprocal tariff rates to 14 countries, including South Korea and Japan. In these letters, it was stated that South Korea would face a 25% tariff, the same as before, with imposition scheduled for August 1st. While the specific items subject to reciprocal tariffs were not clearly disclosed, it was widely believed that they would primarily include existing trade dispute items like steel and aluminum tariffs, potentially affecting overall trade relations.

Signaling Negotiation Possibilities: Grace Period Not 100% Firm 

President Trump made it clear that this waiver is not final. At a dinner with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at the White House that day, when asked by reporters if the letter sent today was the U.S.'s final offer, he replied, "It's the final offer," but added, "It's subject to negotiation. If they (negotiating partners) make a different offer and I like it, we'll do that (change)."

Furthermore, when asked if the tariff imposition date of August 1st was firm, he stated, "It's firm, but it's not 100% firm," emphasizing, "If they call and say, 'We want to do something in a different way,' we'll be open to that." These remarks are interpreted as indicating that the U.S. is using reciprocal tariffs as a strong bargaining chip and is prepared to flexibly adjust its policy through further negotiations with other countries.

This waiver is expected to prompt major trading nations, including South Korea, to focus on negotiations with the U.S. until August 1st. Each country will need to meticulously analyze U.S. demands and seek ways to respond to U.S. trade pressure while preserving their economic interests as much as possible. The imposition of reciprocal tariffs will ultimately depend on the agreements each country reaches in negotiations with the United States.